A prospective study to evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of alpha-blockers in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common cause for the lower urinary tract symptoms in men. The conservative management of BPH comprises of alpha blockers, especially selective alpha 1 adrenergic blockers for symptomatic relief. Aims and Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of alpha blockers in managing BPH. Materials and Methods: After getting approval from the Institutional Human Ethics Committee and consent from subjects, this prospective, randomized, and controlled trial was conducted. In this study, patients under inclusion criteria were divided into two groups. Group I received silodosin 8 mg once daily for 8 weeks. Group II received tamsulosin 0.4 mg once daily for 8 weeks. Primary outcome measure was reduction in international prostate symptom score (IPSS). Adverse events during study period were recorded. Results: A total of 90 patients were enrolled in this study. Ten patients were excluded and remaining 80 patients were divided as 40 in Group I (Silodosin) and 40 in Group II (Tamsulosin), patients were followed up for 8 weeks. As primary outcome, the IPSS at 8th week was significantly <0 week, that is, baseline in both the groups. The comparison of IPSS within Group I and Group II at 0 week and 8th week was significant (P < 0.05). The quality of life comparison within Group I and Group II at 0 week and 8th week was significant (P < 0.05). Both the drugs were well tolerated. Retrograde ejaculation and diarrhea were noted with silodosin (Group I), dizziness and orthostatic hypotension were noted with Tamsulosin (Group II). Conclusion: The obtained results showed that both silodosin and tamsulosin produced significant improvement in IPSS and quality of Life in BPH patients. In silodosin group, retrograde ejaculation and diarrhea were notable adverse effects and in tamsulosin group, dizziness and orthostatic hypotension were noted.

Analysis of the clinical efficacy and safety of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy in prostate cancer patients aged 80 years or older / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy in elderly prostate cancer patients aged ≥80 years in good health. 【Methods】 A total of 18 octogenarian patients who underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy during Aug.2016 and Mar.2020 at our hospital were selected for retrospective analysis. 【Results】 The patients were 80 to 86 years old. The preoperative serum PSA was 5.25-101.00 ng/mL. There were 2 cases in stage cT1N0M0,12 in stagec T2N0M0 and 4 in stage cT3N0M. The Gleason score was ≤6 in 4 cases,=7 in 9 cases,and ≥8 in 5 cases. During the follow-up of 22 to 65 months,the rates of urinary incontinence at 1 month,3 months,6 months,and 1 year were 50.00% (9/18),33.33% (6/18),16.67% (3/18) and 5.56 %(1/18),respectively. The postoperative urinary control recovery time was 1 to 220 days. Positive incision margin developed in 3 cases and biochemical recurrence occurred in 3 cases. The IPSS score at 3, 6 months and 1 year after surgery were lower than these before surgery (P<0.05). The overall health score of the FACD-P scale at 6 months after surgery was higher than that before surgery (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 For well selected octogenarian prostate cancer patients in good condition,laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is a feasible,safe and effective treatment option,but long-term follow-up and prospective clinical studies with large sample size are still needed to confirm its efficacy.

Efficacy of pelvic floor magnetic and electrical stimulation combined with Kegel exercise training in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence after minimally invasive surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of pelvic floor magnetic and electrical stimulation combined with Kegel exercise training in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) after minimally invasive surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). 【Methods】 A total of 52 patients with SUI after minimally invasive surgery for BPH treated during Jan.2016 and Feb.2022 were randomly divided into test group (n=26) and control group (n=26). The test group received pelvic floor magnetic and electrical stimulation and Kegel exercise training, while the control group received Kegel exercise training only. The treatment lasted for 3 months. The scores of International Consultation on Incontinence Modular Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ-SF), 1 h pad test, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and Incontinence Quality of Life Questionnaire (I-QoL) were recorded and compared between the two groups before and after treatment. The adverse reactions were observed. 【Results】 The scores of ICIQ-SF, IPSS and I-QoL and 1 h pad test significantly decreased in both groups after treatment (P0.05), but after treatment, the scores of ICIQ-SF,IPSS,I-QoL and 1 h pad test were significantly lower in the test group than in the control group (P<0.05). No severe adverse reactions were observed. 【Conclusion】 Pelvic floor magnetic stimulation combined with Kegel exercise training is safe and effective for SUI after minimally invasive surgery for BPH.

Correlation of international prostate symptom score and uroflowmetry in evaluation of benign prostatic hyperplasia

Background: Uroflowmetry is a simple non-invasive technique in evaluating patients presenting with Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), to assess voiding patterns, maximum urinary flow (Qmax), average urinary flow (Qave) and voided urine volume. Uroflowmetry is considered mandatory prior to surgical intervention in diagnosis and assessment of men with LUTS. Correlating the International prostrate symptom score (IPSS) with that of uroflowmetry results will allow a better diagnosis and help in determining more appropriate modality of treatment. Therefore, the purpose of our study is to correlate IPSS and the findings of uroflowmetry in evaluation of Benign prostrate hypertrophy (BPH).Methods: This was a prospective study of 50 patients presenting with LUTS diagnosed with BPH. Patient’s symptoms were initially evaluated by administering a pre-treatment IPSS/Quality of Life Score (QoL) and uroflowmetry. All patients underwent Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). A post TURP IPSS/QoL score assessment and uroflowmetry was done. Pre-operative IPSS and uroflowmetry results were correlated using spearman’s correlation coefficient. Outcome of IPSS and uroflowmetry following TURP was assessed in terms of percentage improvement.Results: Statistically significant correlation (p<0.05) was seen between IPSS and uroflowmetry results. No correlation was found between prostate volume and IPSS. Significant improvement in symptom severity (IPSS score) and uroflowmetry results was observed in post TURP patients.Conclusion: IPSS is a valuable tool in the evaluation and grading of LUTS. Correlating both IPSS and uroflowmetry results will help in better diagnosis and management of patients. It can also be concluded that IPSS and uroflowmetry can be used for evaluation and monitoring patients following prostate surgery.

Comparative Evaluation of Relationship between Prostate Volume and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms

Lower Urinary tract symptom (LUTS) is a common presentation among elderly male patients in urology clinical practice. International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) have contributed much to the objective and quantitative evaluations of LUTS in terms of the elucidation of its pathogenesis and changes accompanied with treatments. Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between IPSS and prostate volume in patients with LUTS. Methods: This prospective study included 58 male patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). The IPSS was evaluated using questionnaire and the prostate volume of each patient was then estimated by transabdominal ultrasound. Results: There is a significant relationship between IPSS and prostate volume measured through trans-abdominal ultrasonography. The Total IPSS increases with the prostate volume, as a significant positive relationship between IPSS total score and prostate volume was recorded. Conclusion: There is a significant positive relationship between IPSS total score and prostate volume

Value of the visual prostate symptom score in evaluation of symptomatic benign prostatic enlargement: prospective study in a Nigerian population

Background: To evaluate the correlation of Visual Prostate Symptom Score (VPSS) with International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and Maximum Urinary Flow (Qmax). To investigate the effect of educational level on the ability to independently complete the VPSS versus the IPSS and time taken to do so.Methods: Bio data was taken from men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to Benign Prostatic Enlargement (BPE) who presented at the Urology clinic of Jos University Teaching Hospital. They were administered the IPSS questionnaire and VPSS pictogram, which they completed with or without physician assistance and the time taken to do so was noted. They subsequently had uroflowmetry done on same visit and the data was recorded in a structured proforma. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS(R) version 20. Correlation test was done for VPSS, IPSS and Qmax while the paired t-test was used for the average time spent in completing both questionnaires. A p-value <0.05 was considered as significant.Results: Eighty-five men (aged 42 to 94 years) were enrolled in the study. The VPSS correlated significantly with the IPSS in terms of total score (r = +0.684, p<0.001) and QoL (r = +0.570, p<0.001), as well as with the Qmax (r = -0.222, p = 0.041). A greater proportion (21.2%) of men with limited education could complete the VPSS without physician assistance as compared to the IPSS (6.0%) and the average time taken to complete the VPSS (170.51 seconds) was significantly shorter than the time taken to complete the IPSS (406.42 seconds).Conclusions: The VPSS correlates significantly with the IPSS and Qmax. It can be completed without physician assistance by a greater proportion of men with limited education within a shorter time period.

Correlation Between Age, Ipss, Prostate Size With Histopathological Findings And Management Of Patients Of Prostatism

Introduction:Benign prostatic obstruction/enlargement (BPO/BPE) is one of the important aetiology for Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) in men. Study has been planned to measure various parameters of bladder dysfunction by using Cystometry in patients of Prostatism and to find out correlation between various parameters like age, prostate size, IPSS, management of patients with Prostatism, choice of operative procedure performed and various histopatho-logical findings. Methods: This was observational study. Total 75 patients with age> 50 year and IPSS > 19 having symptoms of Prostatism were included in the study. Patient detailed history was taken and demographic parameters with IPSS, histopathological findings, management plan, Ultrasonography findings were recorded in structured profor-ma. Results: It is seen that the maximum i.e. 39 (52%) cases of prostatism are observed in the age group of 60 to 70 years. The average age was 67.29 years. Maximum i.e. 31 (41.33%) cases of prostatism had prostate size in 50-70 gms.36 patients were managed by catheterisation while surgery was performed in remaining 39 patients. Transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) was performed in 36 of 39 patients. IPSS was decreased significantly from average of 26 to average of 22 after 2 weeks of operation/catheterisation. Conclusion: Prevalence of BPE increases with age as there found to be positive correlation between age and Prostate size. TURP was preferred procedure in our tertiary centre for the treatment of BPE. Significant decrease in IPPS suggests improvement in symptoms of BPE after operation/catheterisation.

Male lower urinary tract symptoms in correlation with age, quality of life scores, parameters of uroflowmetry and prostate size, a single institution study

OBJECTIVE@#To correlate male lower urinary tract symptoms between age, quality of life scores,parameters of uroflowmetry and prostate size.@*PATIENTS AND METHODS@#Two hundred eight males were included in this study. Uroflowmetry parameters,age, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Quality of Life (QoL) scores and prostate sizewere gathered. For correlation, distribution of age, uroflowmetry parameters and prostate size werefirst compared to IPSS. Analysis of variance was used to compare age of patients, while Kruskall-wallis test was used to compare the QoL, uroflowmetry parameters, and prostate size on each IPSSgroups. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to correlate IPSS to age, quality of life,uroflowmetry parameters, and prostate size both for multivariate and univariate analysis.@*RESULTS@#There was no significant correlation between age and IPSS. However, on profile distribution,the age distribution between symptom scores were statistically similar. Qol scores were directlyproportional to IPSS. Thus, patients with a worse QoL score were more likely to have higher IPSS.Qmax scores decreased as symptom severity increased. Patients with higher Qmax scores are lesslikely to have higher IPSS scores. Voided volume was observed to decrease as IPSS severity increased,but this was not statistically significant. Patients with higher post void residual scores were morelikely to have higher IPSS. There was also no significant correlation between prostate size and IPSS.@*CONCLUSION@#There were no significant correlation between IPSS and age, voided volume and prostatesize. On the other hand, patients with a worse QoL score and a high post void residual had higherIPSS. Patients with a high Qmax, are less likely to have an elevated IPSS.

A comparative study of efficacy of tadalafil and alfuzosin regimens in patients of benign prostate hyperplasia

Background: Aim of the study was to compare efficacy of Tadalafil and Alfuzosin regimens in patients of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia.Methods: It was a comparative, prospective, observational, non-invasive, parallel and randomised study conducted at the Outpatient Department of Urology, Rajindra Hospital, Patiala. 60 patients diagnosed with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia along with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms, out which, 30 patients, consuming Tadalafil and 30 patients consuming Alfuzosin were considered. History regarding the concerned disease and the compliance of treatment was taken. Symptom scores were assessed with the help of International Prostate Symptom Score, Quality of Lifestyle Score and Erectile Dysfunction Score. Physical examination consisting of Focused Neurological Examination along with Digital Rectal Examination were conducted. Parameters like Renal Function Test, Urine analysis, Ultrasound of Prostate and uroflowmetry were also considered.Results: The mean age selected for study was 64 years for Tadalafil and Alfuzosin group. The mean level of IPS Score, Qol Score and ED Score at the first day of inclusion of patients were 23.96±4.49, 4±0.78, and 25.33±4.02 respectively for Tadalafil group and regarding Alfuzosin group they were 25.23±4.84, 3.56±0.81, and 26.1±4.04 respectively. Follow ups were conducted at 15 days, 1 month and 3 months for both the groups which were found to be statistically significant after 3 months and Alfuzosin showed a favourable result.Conclusions: Alfuzosin 10mg given at daily dose was found to have higher efficacy than Tadalafil (5mg).

The characters of lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To explore the characters of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD).Methods From Oct 2013 to Jun 2016,after evaluating of movement disorder by modified Hoehn-Yahr(H-Y) scale and LUTS by international prostate symptom score (IPSS),urodynamic study was performed in PD patients with LUTS.The incidence of every symptom of LUTS,the relationships between the IPSS categories and urodynamic study were analyzed.Results 64 patients (containing 26 male and 38 female) with 40-80 (62.7 ± 10.2) years old were included.2,4,30,19,12 and 6 patients were belonged to modified H-Y scale 1-4,respectively.Frequency (50 patients,78.1％) was the most common LUTS,while frequency all day (20 patients,31.3％) was the most common symptom for the most severe LUTS.IPSS was 1 7.5 ± 7.8 (4-35) and quality of life was 5.1 ± 0.6 (4-6) for the patients.There was no significant correlation between modified H-Y scale and IPSS (P ＞ 0.05).According to the criteria of IPSS,28 patients (43.8％) only had irritative symptoms,3 patients (4.7％) only had obstructive symptoms,while 26 patients (40.6％) had mixed symptoms and 7 patients (10.9％) belonged to no one.Urodynamic study showed 11 patients (39.3％) with only irritative symptoms had detrusor overactivity(DO),6 patients (23.1％) with mixed symptoms had DO + bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) or DO + detrusor underactivity,however,there was no one with BOO in the three patients with only obstructive symptoms.Conclusion Frequency was the most common LUTS,while frequency all day was the most common symptom for the most severe LUTS in PD patients.Irritative and mixed symptoms were common in PD patients with LUTS,but the urodynamic results were not consistent with the category of LUTS in most of the patients.LUTS severity was not correlated with movement disorders in PD patients.

Safety and effectiveness of finasteride combined with 1470 nm Semiconductor laser vaporization and resection for Moderate to severe benign prostatic hyperplasia / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To study the safety and effectiveness finasteride combined with 1470 nm semiconductor laser vaporization and resection for moderate to severe benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods A total of 110 consecutives from January to December 2015 were divided randomly into control and observation groups and each of 55 cases; the patients in control group received finasteride combined with transurethral prostatectomy (TURP) and they in observation group adopted finasteride combined with 1470 nm semiconductor laser vaporization and resection, then to compare the differences of surgical success rate,complications rate,mean operation time,blood bloss during and after operation, indwelling catheter time,prostate volume before and after operation; the follow-up time was 12.0 months, the differences of international prostate symptom score (I-PSS), Quality of life score (QOL), peak flow rate (Qmax) peak flow rate (Qmax) and post-void residual (PVR). Results The surgical success rate in the two groups were no statistical difference, the complications rate in observation group was significantly lower (P<0.05). The mean operation time and indwelling catheter time in the two groups were no statistical difference, while the total blood bloss and prostate volume after operation in observation group were both less, and the difference of prostate volume was more (P<0.05). The I-PSS and PVR were lower, QOL and Qmax higher in the two groups after operation, what'more, there were more improvements in observation group (P<0.05). Conclusion It is more prior to finasteride combined with 1470 nm semiconductor laser vaporization and resection for moderate to severe BPH on the Safety and effectiveness than TURP.

Correlation of sonographic prostate volume with international prostate symptom score in South Indian men.

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in old age individuals, usually starts around the age of 40 years, the prevalence of benign prostatic hyperplasia rises to more than 50% at 50 years of age to as much as 90% at the age of 85 years. Proven BPH patients suffer from moderate to severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) that are symptoms related to storage and voiding of urine. This study was to determine relationship between sonologically measured prostate Volume and international prostate symptom score (IPSS). Methods: Clinically symptomatic 126 patients in the age group of 40-89 years were studied. All the patients underwent Transabdominal sonography for the estimation of prostate volume and clinical questionnaire for international prostate symptom score. Statistical Analysis by descriptive and analytical statistics using SPSS version 16. Chi-Square test used and P values ≤ 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: Among 126 individuals, The maximum number of patients, that is 45 patients had the prostate volume measuring 31-50 cc (35.7%), followed by 25 patients (19.8%) had the volume measuring more than 50 cc. Maximum number of patients 52 (41.3%) were having severe symptoms, 47 (37.3%) patients were having moderate symptoms and 27 patients symptoms and 27 patients (21.4%) were having mild symptoms. Prostate volume had statistically significant but weak correlation observed with IPSS (r=0.40, p=0.001), Weak Stream (r=0.31, p=0.001) and urgency (r=0.31, p=0.001). Conclusions: Prostate volume had statistically significant but weak correlation observed with IPSS.

Clinical Observation of Acupuncture plus Moxibustion for Prostatic Hyperplasia / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus moxibustion in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.Method Sixty cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia were randomly divided into two groups, 30 cases in the treatment group, 30 cases in the control group. The treatment group was intervened by Acupuncture and moxibustion, while the control group was by orally takingJingzhu Qianlie Longbitong capsules. The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Quality of Life score (QOL), maximal urinary flow rate (Qmax), residual urine volume (RUV) were compared before and after 3 courses of treatment. Result The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, versus 66.7% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); the IPSS score, QOL score, Qmax, and RUV were significantly changed in both groups after intervention (P<0.05).Conclusion The treatment group and the control group both show improvements in IPSS, QOL score and Qmax and reduction of RUV, which proves that acupuncture plus moxibustion can produce a content efficacy in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Depression and Its Severity Are Strongly Associated with Both Storage and Voiding Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Independently of Prostate Volume

Depression is related to various functional medical conditions. Its association with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) is also expected. We evaluated whether depression and its severity are associated with LUTS when LUTS risk factors including prostate volume (PV) are taken into account in a large population of Korean men. Study subjects included 10,275 men who underwent routine health check-ups at the Healthcare System Gangnam Center of Seoul National University Hospital. Depression was assessed using Beck Depression Inventory-II and LUTS using international prostate symptom score. PV was measured using transrectal ultrasonography by a radiologist. Effect sizes of depression severity on total, storage, and voiding symptoms were assessed. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, mild, moderate and severe depression were associated with total (adjusted odds ratio: aOR = 2.99, 3.86 and 8.99; all P < 0.001), voiding (aOR = 3.04, 3.28 and 5.58; all P < 0.001) and storage symptoms (aOR = 2.43, 3.43 and 2.89; all P < 0.05) showing dose response relationships (all P trend < 0.001). In a subgroup analysis for participants with PV data (n = 1,925), mild and moderate-severe depression were also associated with LUTS (aOR = 3.29, 2.84; P < 0.001 and 0.018, respectively). In conclusion, depression and its severity are strongly associated with total, voiding, and storage symptoms independently of PV state.

Curative effect of green light photoselective vaporization for the treatment of high-risk elder patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia / 中国综合临床

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of greenlight photoselective vaporization of prostate (PVP) in high-risk elder patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods A total of 120 high-risk elder patients with BPH underwent PVP procedure. The operating time, blood 1oss, indwelling catheterization and operation-related complications were monitored. The variables such as international prostate symptom score (IPSS), Quality of life (QOL) score, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) and residual urine volume (RUV) were recorded and compared pre- and post-operatively. Results All the 120 patients had a good peri-operative condition. The mean operating time was (52. 6 ± 5.8 )min, intraoperative blood loss was (20.4 ±9.5) ml. Among the 120 cases,26 did not received postoperative catheterization. In the other 94 cases received postoperative catheterization, the mean catheterization time was (24. 5 ± 15.9) hour. IPSS and QOL scores decreased from (28.5 ± 3.8) and (5.0 ± 0.8) preoperatively to (7.2 ± 1.8) and (1.5 ± 0.6)postoperatively. Qmax increased from ( 5.2 ± 3.1 ) ml/s to ( 15.2 ± 4.3 ) ml/s, and RUV decreased from ( 118.6 ± 15.2) ml to ( 16. 5 ± 4. 6) ml. There was significant difference for these parameters before and after the operation (Ps ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion The PVP is considered to be a safe, effective and minimally invasive procedure to treat BPHin high-risk elder patients. It is easy to manipulate, with advantages of shorter operating time,less blood loss, better tolerance and rapid recovery, especially for high-risk elder patients with BPH.

Evaluation of visual analog scale IPSS / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of visual analog scale international prostate symptom score (VAS-IPSS) in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).Methods Three hundred and ninety patients with BPH were recruited to participate in this study and were randomly assigned to one of two groups:the standard IPSS group and the VAS-IPSS group.In each group,sub-groups were further divided to non-interpretation arm (A) and interpretation arm ( B),based on the availability of medical professionals to interpret patientsˊ VAS-IPSS score.In the same way,the similar sub-groups were established in VAS-IPSS group with non-interpretation arm (C) and interpretation arm (D).All the patients were required to fill out the same questionnaires at first consultation and second consultation with an interval of two weeks.Eventually,all the data were collected and analyzed.Results The ICC index was as follows for arms A through D:0.87 (95％CI0.72-0.94); 0.88 (95％CI0.74-0.95); 0.82 (95％CI0.59-0.92); 0.97(95％ CI 0.93-0.99).The optimal prediction factor for arm A was frequency (F =14.70,P =0.010)and the sub-optimal was nocturia ( F =12.10,P =0.000) and urgency ( F =11.80,P =0.000).The optimal prediction factor for arm B was nocturia ( F =6.02,P =0.000 ) and the sub-optimal was urinary incontinence ( F =5.79,P =0.008 ).The optimal prediction factor for arm C was nocturia ( F =30.98,P =0.000) and the sub-optimal was urinary incontinence ( F =22.42,P =0.000).The optimal prediction factor for arm D was nocturia ( F =20.20,P =0.000) and the sub-optimal was urinary incontinence ( F =18.00,P =0.000) and weak urine steam (F =15.30,P =0.000).Conclusions VAS-IPSS is more stable than the standard IPSS.The questionnaire explanation to patients is helpful for improving the VASIPSS stability.

Effects of pumpkin seed oil and saw palmetto oil in Korean men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia

This study was to investigate the role of complementary and alternative medicine in the prevention and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. For this purpose, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed over 12 months on 47 benign prostatic hyperplasia patients with average age of 53.3 years and international prostate symptom score over 8. Subjects received either sweet potato starch (group A, placebo, 320 mg/day), pumpkin seed oil (group B, 320 mg/day), saw palmetto oil (group C, 320 mg/day) or pumpkin seed oil plus saw palmetto oil (group D, each 320 mg/day). International prostate symptom score, quality of life, serum prostate specific antigen, prostate volume and maximal urinary flow rate were measured. In groups B, C and D, the international prostate symptom score were reduced by 3 months. Quality of life score was improved after 6 months in group D, while those of groups B and C were improved after 3 months, compared to the baseline value. Serum prostate specific antigen was reduced only in group D after 3 months, but no difference was observed in prostate volume in all treatment groups. Maximal urinary flow rate were gradually improved in groups B and C, with statistical significance after 6 months in group B and after 12 months in group C. None of the parameters were significantly improved by combined treatment with pumpkin seed oil and saw palmetto oil. From these results, it is suggested that administrations of pumpkin seed oil and saw palmetto oil are clinically safe and may be effective as complementary and alternative medicine treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Nocturia for Males Participating in a Prostate Examination Survey / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: Elderly men are often troubled by lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), including frequency, urgency, incontinence and nocturia. Especially, nocturia is one of the frequently complained about urologic symptoms and this can be combined with sleep disorders. We investigated the prevalence and risk factors for nocturia in males who participated in a prostate examination survey. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 7,299 men participated in a prostate examination survey from March 2003 to December 2006; these men were given an International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS) and they underwent transrectal ultrasonography of the prostate. The prevalence of nocturia and its associated factors, which included age, the IPSS severity, the prostate volume and the place of residence, were evaluated. RESULTS: Among the men who were evaluated, 23.4% reported voiding once per night and 68% reported voiding twice or more per night. The severe IPSS group revealed a significantly higher nocturia score compared to the mild and moderate IPSS group. While the nocturia score and the other LUTS score increased significantly with age, only the nocturia score increased significantly with age in each of the IPSS severity groups. The nocturia score increased significantly with a prostate volume >or=30g. Men living in Seoul showed a significantly lower nocturia score than that for men living in other areas. Multiple logistic regression analysis also indicated that an older age, a severe IPSS score, the country of residence were the independent risk factors. Multiple regression analysis revealed the nocturia score to have the highest correlation with the quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: For Korean males, the prevalence of nocturia >or=2 is 68% and the incidence of nocturia increased significantly according to age, the IPSS severity, the prostate volume and the place of residence.

The International Prostate Symptom Score: Discrepancies between Self-administration and Physician-administration / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) is the most commonly used scoring system to quantify the lower urinary tract symptoms of benign prostate hyperplasia. The objective of this study was to measure any discrepancies in the Korean version of the IPSS when it is administered by the patients themselves as opposed to when it was administered by the physician. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy two patients were asked to fill out two IPSS questionnaires during their first visit; one was self-administered and the other was administered by a physician in an interview. The total IPSS, quality of life and the individual questions were compared between the two modes of administration. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found in the mean total IPSS (16.9+/-8.44 versus 15.0+/-7.53, respectively) and the scores on questions 3 (intermittency) and 4 (urgency) between the self and physician administered IPSS (2.40+/-2.03 versus 1.47+/-1.88 and 1.86+/-1.87 versus 1.26+/-1.58, respectively). Thirty one patients (44.3%) demonstrated a difference of more than 3 points on the total IPSS score. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that there may be discrepancies between the self and physician administered IPSS scores. Therefore, physicians should review the score of each question, and especially those on intermittency and urgency.

Validation of Korean Version of International Prostate Symptom Score: a Comparison of Physician versus Self-administration / 대한남성과학회지

PURPOSE: The International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS) is the most commonly used scoring system to evaluate lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH). A Korean translation of the IPSS, however, has never been clearly confirmed to assess LUTS accurately. The objective of this study was to measure differences in the Korean-language IPSS when administered by the patient versus the physician, and to evaluate causes of the differences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One-hundred-thirteen patients with symptomatic BPH completed 3 consecutive IPSS questionnaires, one self-administered at the first visit, the second self-administered at the next visit, and the last by a physician interview just after the second self-administration. We compared differences in the symptom scores between the each of the 3 administrations. In addition, the effect of age and education on the scores was analysed. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the IPSS between the first and the second self-administration. However, physician-administered scores were significantly lower than the two self-administrations(p <0.01) for all questions except #5 regarding urinary stream. The difference in the score was higher in patients whose LUTS were more severe(p <0.01). Age and education did not affect the scores. CONCLUSIONS: There was a significant difference in the IPSS between patient and physician administration, suggesting a need for revision of the Korean version of IPSS.